ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Hospitalized patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience disability and suffer from significant physical and mental impairment requiring physical rehabilitation following their discharge. However, to date, no attempt has been made to collate and synthesize literature in this area.@*OBJECTIVE@#This systematic review examines the outcomes of different physical rehabilitation interventions tested in COVID-19 patients who were discharged from hospital.@*SEARCH STRATEGY@#A systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and medRxiv was conducted to identify articles published up to March 2022.@*INCLUSION CRITERIA@#This systematic review included studies of outpatient rehabilitation programs for people recovering from COVID-19 who received physical activity, exercise, or breathing training to enhance or restore functional capacity, pulmonary function, quality of life, and mental health or function.@*DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS@#Selection of included articles, data extraction, and methodological quality assessments were conducted by two review authors respectively, and consensus was reached through discussion and consultation with a third reviewer. Finally, we review the outcomes of studies based on four categories including: (1) functional capacity, (2) pulmonary function, (3) quality of life, and (4) mental health status.@*RESULTS@#A total of 7534 titles and abstracts were screened; 10 cohort studies, 4 randomized controlled trials and 13 other prospective studies involving 1583 patients were included in our review. Early physical rehabilitation interventions applied in COVID-19 patients who were discharged from the hospital improved multiple parameters related to functional capacity, pulmonary function, quality of life and mental health status.@*CONCLUSION@#Physical rehabilitation interventions may be safe, feasible and effective in COVID-19 patients discharged from the hospital, and can improve a variety of clinically relevant outcomes. Further studies are warranted to determine the underlying mechanisms. Please cite this article as: Rahmati M, Molanouri Shamsi M, Woo W, Koyanagi A, Won Lee SW, Keon Yon DK, Shin JI, Smith L. Effects of physical rehabilitation interventions in COVID-19 patients following discharge from hospital: A systematic review. J Integr Med. 2022; 21(2): 149-158.
Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Discharge , Quality of Life , COVID-19 , Prospective Studies , Hospitals , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Objectives: Although several studies have examined the association between gene polymorphism GNB3 and endurance exercise, the results are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the relationship between GNB3 C825T polymorphism and endurance exercise performance
Methods: We searched all studies published until January31, 2015 in databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Medline, Science Direct and SID. From ten studies of gene polymorphisms GNB3 and endurance exercise, we selected three studies for the metaanalysis
Results: No significant association existed between GNB3 polymorphism and endurance exercise in the T versus C allelic model [OR: 1.127; 95% CI: 0.877, 1.448; P=0.349], TT versus CC additive model [OR: 1.316; 95% CI: 0.900, 1.924; P=0.157], TT + CT versus CC dominant model [OR: 1.098; 95% CI: 0.856, 1.408; P=0.464], and the TT versus CT + CC recessive model [OR: 0.520; 95% CI: 0.520, 1.111; P=0.157]
Conclusion: The results showed that the GNB3 gene polymorphism was not associated with improving the performance of elite athletes in endurance sports. However, further studies would be needed in different ethnicities
ABSTRACT
Diabetic neuropathy leads to axonal transport abnormalities. However its mechanism and the beneficial effects of exercise on these abnormalities are not well documented. The present study aims to investigate KIF1B mRNA in spinal cord sensory neuron tissue of Wistar male rats with diabetic neuropathy following endurance training. We randomly assigned 12 male Wistar rats into three groups: diabetic trained, diabetic untrained and healthy control. Intraperitoneal injection of a STZ [streptozotocin] solution [45 mg/kg] was used to induce diabetes. At two weeks after STZ injections, the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests demonstrated the presence of diabetic neuropathy. A moderate endurance training protocol was performed for a sixweek period. At 24 hours after the final training session, the rats were sacrified and the L4-L6 sensory neurons of the spinal cord tissue were removed. KIF1B mRNA expression was performed using real time-PCR. Diabetic neuropathy led to increased KIF1B gene expression in the diabetic untrained group compared with the intact control group [p=0.03]. Compared with the diabetic untrained group, training significantly decreased KIF1B gene expression [P<0.05] and blood glucose levels [P=0.0001] in the diabetic trained group. KIF1B mRNA up-regulation in sensory neurons of STZ-diabetic rats is a factor which can be involved in abnormal axonal transport. Endurance training as a nonpharmacotherapy strategy can modulate and return KIF1B to approximate normal levels.